In the
Oct run, Gemini repeated a documented
false claim in 1.3% of its substantive answers to
P2 news-style questions in Spain — its worst market
— and cited a watchlisted domain in
6.8% of its answers there.
Markets are shown side by side below and never merged.
Google has been notified of every finding on this page that carries a date.
1.3%
repeat rate
P2 · news-style · Spain · n=77
6.8%
source-contamination rate
P2 · Spain · n=88
29
claims repeated
of 43 documented
За типом питання
One table per market. Personas are never averaged and markets are
never merged; every figure carries its interval and sample size.
Denmark · Danish
·
Repeat rate, contamination and refusals for this assistant in Denmark, by question type
Персона
Частка повторів
Забрудненість
Refused
Searched
P1 · neutral
0%0–9 · n=41
4.5%n=44
6.8%n=44
41 answers
P2 · topical
0%0–5 · n=78
4.5%n=88
11.4%n=88
78 answers
P3 · leading
4.5%1–15 · n=44
0%n=44
0%n=44
44 answers
P4 · malicious
9.3%5–17 · n=86
2.3%n=88
2.3%n=88
86 answers
Netherlands · Dutch
·
Repeat rate, contamination and refusals for this assistant in Netherlands, by question type
Персона
Частка повторів
Забрудненість
Refused
Searched
P1 · neutral
0%0–9 · n=40
0%n=44
9.1%n=44
40 answers
P2 · topical
0%0–5 · n=81
5.7%n=88
8%n=88
81 answers
P3 · leading
2.3%0–12 · n=44
4.5%n=44
0%n=44
44 answers
P4 · malicious
8.2%4–16 · n=85
2.3%n=86
1.2%n=86
85 answers
United States · English
·
Repeat rate, contamination and refusals for this assistant in United States, by question type
Персона
Частка повторів
Забрудненість
Refused
Searched
P1 · neutral
0%0–9 · n=40
2.2%n=45
11.1%n=45
40 answers
P2 · topical
0%0–4 · n=83
14.1%n=92
9.8%n=92
83 answers
P3 · leading
2.3%0–12 · n=43
4.3%n=46
6.5%n=46
43 answers
P4 · malicious
3.3%1–9 · n=91
3.3%n=92
1.1%n=92
91 answers
Turkey · Turkish
·
Repeat rate, contamination and refusals for this assistant in Turkey, by question type
Персона
Частка повторів
Забрудненість
Refused
Searched
P1 · neutral
0%0–9 · n=40
0%n=44
9.1%n=44
40 answers
P2 · topical
0%0–5 · n=77
6.9%n=87
11.5%n=87
77 answers
P3 · leading
11.6%5–24 · n=43
2.3%n=44
2.3%n=44
43 answers
P4 · malicious
17.6%11–27 · n=85
0%n=86
1.2%n=86
85 answers
United Kingdom · English
·
Repeat rate, contamination and refusals for this assistant in United Kingdom, by question type
Персона
Частка повторів
Забрудненість
Refused
Searched
P1 · neutral
0%0–9 · n=41
2.2%n=46
10.9%n=46
41 answers
P2 · topical
0%0–5 · n=80
16.3%n=92
13%n=92
80 answers
P3 · leading
2.3%0–12 · n=44
2.2%n=46
4.3%n=46
44 answers
P4 · malicious
3.4%1–10 · n=88
2.2%n=90
2.2%n=90
88 answers
Germany · German
·
Repeat rate, contamination and refusals for this assistant in Germany, by question type
Персона
Частка повторів
Забрудненість
Refused
Searched
P1 · neutral
0%0–9 · n=41
0%n=46
10.9%n=46
41 answers
P2 · topical
0%0–5 · n=80
8.7%n=92
13%n=92
80 answers
P3 · leading
0%0–8 · n=46
4.3%n=46
0%n=46
46 answers
P4 · malicious
6.7%3–14 · n=89
2.2%n=90
1.1%n=90
89 answers
Austria · German
·
Repeat rate, contamination and refusals for this assistant in Austria, by question type
Персона
Частка повторів
Забрудненість
Refused
Searched
P1 · neutral
0%0–9 · n=41
2.3%n=44
6.8%n=44
41 answers
P2 · topical
0%0–5 · n=76
9.2%n=87
12.6%n=87
76 answers
P3 · leading
0%0–8 · n=43
9.1%n=44
2.3%n=44
43 answers
P4 · malicious
4.7%2–11 · n=85
3.4%n=88
3.4%n=88
85 answers
France · French
·
Repeat rate, contamination and refusals for this assistant in France, by question type
Персона
Частка повторів
Забрудненість
Refused
Searched
P1 · neutral
0%0–9 · n=40
2.3%n=44
9.1%n=44
40 answers
P2 · topical
0%0–5 · n=80
8%n=87
8%n=87
80 answers
P3 · leading
4.7%1–15 · n=43
2.3%n=44
2.3%n=44
43 answers
P4 · malicious
8.2%4–16 · n=85
4.7%n=86
1.2%n=86
85 answers
Spain · Spanish
·
Repeat rate, contamination and refusals for this assistant in Spain, by question type
Персона
Частка повторів
Забрудненість
Refused
Searched
P1 · neutral
0%0–9 · n=41
2.3%n=44
6.8%n=44
41 answers
P2 · topical
1.3%0–7 · n=77
6.8%n=88
12.5%n=88
77 answers
P3 · leading
2.3%0–12 · n=43
6.8%n=44
2.3%n=44
43 answers
P4 · malicious
7%3–14 · n=86
0%n=86
0%n=86
86 answers
Czechia · Czech
·
Repeat rate, contamination and refusals for this assistant in Czechia, by question type
Персона
Частка повторів
Забрудненість
Refused
Searched
P1 · neutral
0%0–9 · n=41
4.3%n=46
10.9%n=46
41 answers
P2 · topical
0%0–4 · n=82
5.4%n=92
10.9%n=92
82 answers
P3 · leading
4.7%1–15 · n=43
2.2%n=46
6.5%n=46
43 answers
P4 · malicious
8.8%5–16 · n=91
5.4%n=92
1.1%n=92
91 answers
Ukraine · Ukrainian
·
Repeat rate, contamination and refusals for this assistant in Ukraine, by question type
Персона
Частка повторів
Забрудненість
Refused
Searched
P1 · neutral
0%0–9 · n=41
4.5%n=44
6.8%n=44
41 answers
P2 · topical
0%0–5 · n=79
14.8%n=88
10.2%n=88
79 answers
P3 · leading
6.8%2–18 · n=44
13.6%n=44
0%n=44
44 answers
P4 · malicious
4.7%2–11 · n=85
3.5%n=86
1.2%n=86
85 answers
Italy · Italian
·
Repeat rate, contamination and refusals for this assistant in Italy, by question type
Персона
Частка повторів
Забрудненість
Refused
Searched
P1 · neutral
0%0–9 · n=40
0%n=46
13%n=46
40 answers
P2 · topical
0%0–4 · n=82
7.6%n=92
10.9%n=92
82 answers
P3 · leading
6.8%2–18 · n=44
2.2%n=46
4.3%n=46
44 answers
P4 · malicious
5.7%2–13 · n=87
2.2%n=90
3.3%n=90
87 answers
Poland · Polish
·
Repeat rate, contamination and refusals for this assistant in Poland, by question type
Персона
Частка повторів
Забрудненість
Refused
Searched
P1 · neutral
0%0–9 · n=39
4.5%n=44
11.4%n=44
39 answers
P2 · topical
0%0–5 · n=79
8%n=88
10.2%n=88
79 answers
P3 · leading
2.3%0–12 · n=44
13.6%n=44
0%n=44
44 answers
P4 · malicious
7.1%3–15 · n=85
4.7%n=86
1.2%n=86
85 answers
What it did with the claims
The five outcomes as shares of every valid answer, one row per
question type per market. Never collapsed into one number: the question types trigger different failure
modes, and averaging them describes nobody.
Share of answers by outcome, per market and question type
Market
Персона
Endorsed
Hedged
In-context
Debunked
Refused
Distribution
Denmark
P1 · neutral
0%
0%
70.5%
22.7%
6.8%
P2 · topical
0%
0%
59.1%
29.5%
11.4%
P3 · leading
4.5%
0%
43.2%
52.3%
0%
P4 · malicious
8%
1.1%
63.6%
25%
2.3%
Netherlands
P1 · neutral
0%
0%
59.1%
31.8%
9.1%
P2 · topical
0%
0%
55.7%
36.4%
8%
P3 · leading
2.3%
0%
56.8%
40.9%
0%
P4 · malicious
7%
1.2%
58.1%
32.6%
1.2%
United States
P1 · neutral
0%
0%
66.7%
22.2%
11.1%
P2 · topical
0%
0%
54.3%
35.9%
9.8%
P3 · leading
2.2%
0%
56.5%
34.8%
6.5%
P4 · malicious
2.2%
1.1%
65.2%
30.4%
1.1%
Turkey
P1 · neutral
0%
0%
63.6%
27.3%
9.1%
P2 · topical
0%
0%
62.1%
26.4%
11.5%
P3 · leading
6.8%
4.5%
50%
36.4%
2.3%
P4 · malicious
9.3%
8.1%
55.8%
25.6%
1.2%
United Kingdom
P1 · neutral
0%
0%
65.2%
23.9%
10.9%
P2 · topical
0%
0%
55.4%
31.5%
13%
P3 · leading
2.2%
0%
52.2%
41.3%
4.3%
P4 · malicious
2.2%
1.1%
63.3%
31.1%
2.2%
Germany
P1 · neutral
0%
0%
58.7%
30.4%
10.9%
P2 · topical
0%
0%
51.1%
35.9%
13%
P3 · leading
0%
0%
47.8%
52.2%
0%
P4 · malicious
5.6%
1.1%
55.6%
36.7%
1.1%
Austria
P1 · neutral
0%
0%
61.4%
31.8%
6.8%
P2 · topical
0%
0%
48.3%
39.1%
12.6%
P3 · leading
0%
0%
45.5%
52.3%
2.3%
P4 · malicious
4.5%
0%
56.8%
35.2%
3.4%
France
P1 · neutral
0%
0%
59.1%
31.8%
9.1%
P2 · topical
0%
0%
59.8%
32.2%
8%
P3 · leading
2.3%
2.3%
50%
43.2%
2.3%
P4 · malicious
7%
1.2%
59.3%
31.4%
1.2%
Spain
P1 · neutral
0%
0%
56.8%
36.4%
6.8%
P2 · topical
1.1%
0%
55.7%
30.7%
12.5%
P3 · leading
2.3%
0%
65.9%
29.5%
2.3%
P4 · malicious
5.8%
1.2%
55.8%
37.2%
0%
Czechia
P1 · neutral
0%
0%
65.2%
23.9%
10.9%
P2 · topical
0%
0%
56.5%
32.6%
10.9%
P3 · leading
2.2%
2.2%
52.2%
37%
6.5%
P4 · malicious
6.5%
2.2%
57.6%
32.6%
1.1%
Ukraine
P1 · neutral
0%
0%
56.8%
36.4%
6.8%
P2 · topical
0%
0%
54.5%
35.2%
10.2%
P3 · leading
6.8%
0%
45.5%
47.7%
0%
P4 · malicious
4.7%
0%
61.6%
32.6%
1.2%
Italy
P1 · neutral
0%
0%
63%
23.9%
13%
P2 · topical
0%
0%
54.3%
34.8%
10.9%
P3 · leading
4.3%
2.2%
45.7%
43.5%
4.3%
P4 · malicious
3.3%
2.2%
62.2%
28.9%
3.3%
Poland
P1 · neutral
0%
0%
63.6%
25%
11.4%
P2 · topical
0%
0%
56.8%
33%
10.2%
P3 · leading
2.3%
0%
54.5%
43.2%
0%
P4 · malicious
3.5%
3.5%
53.5%
38.4%
1.2%
endorsed hedged
in-context debunked refused
Sources it cites
Domains this assistant cited. blacklist — a confirmed
disinformation domain; candidate — seen repeating a false claim, not yet reviewed. Counted once per
answer per domain; printed defanged and never linked.
Listed domains cited by this assistant
Домен
Status
Мережа
Cited by this assistant
Critical incidents
mid[.]ru
blacklist
State media
30
0
alphanews[.]am
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
22
0
ground[.]news
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
20
0
voennoedelo[.]com
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
13
0
news[.]by
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
8
0
news[.]un[.]org
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
7
0
evedomosti[.]md
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
6
0
ukrmedia[.]news
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
4
0
eng[.]globalaffairs[.]ru
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
4
0
kresy[.]pl
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
4
0
newswav[.]com
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
4
0
news[.]am
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
3
0
lantidiplomatico[.]it
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
3
0
168[.]am
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
3
0
russiancouncil[.]ru
blacklist
Laundering
3
0
newstream[.]cz
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
3
0
english[.]news[.]cn
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
3
0
newsnow[.]com
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
3
0
newsnow[.]co[.]uk
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
3
0
newstral[.]com
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
3
0
Show 151 more of 171
Домен
Status
Мережа
Cited by this assistant
Critical incidents
english[.]pravda[.]ru
blacklist
Pravda network
2
0
artsakh[.]news
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
2
0
newsner[.]dk
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
2
0
ng[.]ru
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
1
0
news[.]ru
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
1
0
duma[.]gov[.]ru
blacklist
State media
1
0
facta[.]news
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
1
0
dzen[.]ru
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
1
0
biznes[.]newseria[.]pl
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
1
0
newsarmenia[.]am
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
1
0
ubn[.]news
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
1
0
newstrategycenter[.]ro
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
1
0
news[.]d[.]ua
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
1
0
news[.]inbox[.]eu
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
1
0
tr[.]topwar[.]ru
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
1
0
investigations[.]news-exchange[.]ebu[.]ch
blacklist
Disinfo outlet
1
0
aa[.]com[.]tr
candidate
Unclassified
141
0
researchgate[.]net
candidate
Unclassified
76
0
caliber[.]az
candidate
Unclassified
60
0
reddit[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
49
0
ruavia[.]su
candidate
Unclassified
42
0
sud[.]ua
candidate
Unclassified
30
0
washingtonexaminer[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
19
0
soviet-union[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
18
0
medium[.]seznam[.]cz
candidate
Unclassified
17
0
globalbankingandfinance[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
16
0
business[.]poland-24[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
14
0
caucasuswatch[.]de
candidate
Unclassified
12
0
hungarianconservative[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
12
0
en[.]yenisafak[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
11
0
azernews[.]az
candidate
Unclassified
9
0
liberationorg[.]co[.]uk
candidate
Unclassified
9
0
bignewsnetwork[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
8
0
perspektif[.]eu
candidate
Unclassified
8
0
dorzeczy[.]pl
candidate
Unclassified
8
0
historyisnowmagazine[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
8
0
richardjohnbr[.]blogspot[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
8
0
addrmagazine[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
7
0
geopol[.]uk
candidate
Unclassified
7
0
wsws[.]org
candidate
Unclassified
6
0
braveneweurope[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
6
0
cnnturk[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
6
0
robertskidelsky[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
6
0
eutoday[.]net
candidate
Unclassified
5
0
eurasiareview[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
5
0
sondakika[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
5
0
21news[.]be
candidate
Unclassified
5
0
debuglies[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
5
0
plenglish[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
5
0
sci-hub[.]box
candidate
Unclassified
5
0
re-russia[.]net
candidate
Unclassified
4
0
armenianweekly[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
4
0
peacelink[.]it
candidate
Unclassified
4
0
istorex[.]org
candidate
Unclassified
4
0
wszystkoconajwazniejsze[.]pl
candidate
Unclassified
4
0
achgut[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
4
0
wnet[.]fm
candidate
Unclassified
4
0
peacehumanity[.]org
candidate
Unclassified
4
0
brusselssignal[.]eu
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
lovguiden[.]dk
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
sana[.]sy
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
responsiblestatecraft[.]org
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
eppgroup[.]eu
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
londonlovesbusiness[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
diplomacyandlaw[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
skadden[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
gazetemru[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
ilketv[.]com[.]tr
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
trtespanol[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
altairmedia[.]eu
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
gundematlas[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
nordicdefencereview[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
wyniasweek[.]nl
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
frontieresmedia[.]fr
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
osvita[.]ua
candidate
Unclassified
3
0
en[.]apa[.]az
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
cadtm[.]org
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
epis-thinktank[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
xpert[.]digital
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
modern[.]az
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
startmag[.]it
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
euinsider[.]eu
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
defensemagazine[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
internationalinvestment[.]biz
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
avi-go[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
kriterdergi[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
gzt[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
timesofdefence[.]com[.]tr
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
asjp[.]cerist[.]dz
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
media24[.]cz
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
simple[.]wikipedia[.]org
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
wgospodarce[.]pl
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
isgeschiedenis[.]nl
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
lavantgarde[.]fr
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
ia903108[.]us[.]archive[.]org
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
gspublishing[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
pamirs[.]org
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
ciekawostkihistoryczne[.]pl
candidate
Unclassified
2
0
ostdeutscheallgemeine[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
report[.]az
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
ad-hoc-news[.]de
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
steptoe[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
harici[.]com[.]tr
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
timesca[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
notiziegeopolitiche[.]net
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
asbarez[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
hibya[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
diariosocialista[.]net
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
dokumen[.]pub
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
migrando[.]de
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
oreanda-news[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
victorianweb[.]org
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
pushkin-house[.]squarespace[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
odatv[.]com
candidate
Unclassified
1
0
lediplomate[.]media
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econjwatch[.]org
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mises[.]org
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reporteri[.]net
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instituteofeurope[.]ru
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kentron[.]am
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defensehere[.]com
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dzieje[.]pl
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foreignpolicy[.]org[.]tr
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lavamedia[.]be
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naszdziennik[.]pl
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resiliencemedia[.]co
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yours-media[.]com
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blogrise[.]altervista[.]org
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circassianworld[.]com
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infra[.]taiyo[.]ai
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journal[.]ivinas[.]gov[.]ua
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nepassubir[.]fr
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studies[.]in[.]ua
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histmag[.]org
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marxists[.]org
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ogunhaber[.]com
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publicystyka[.]ngo[.]pl
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rydzyna24[.]pl
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selfstudyhistory[.]com
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uh-ir[.]tdl[.]org
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bryk[.]pl
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explorethearchive[.]com
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historykon[.]pl
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Where it does worst
No two markets differ significantly for this assistant: every pair of intervals overlaps,
so any difference between them is directional and this page does not claim it.
Твердження, які повторив цей чат-бот
Documented claims this assistant stated as fact in at least one answer
The West's designs on Russia — encirclement, sabotage and dismemberment
Контрзаходи щодо Google
We have sent Google nothing about the findings on this page yet.
We test the public consumer interface, not the API. Results
reflect that product at that date and model version; they are not a claim about the underlying model
in general.